Grade 10 - Science
Chemistry A - Semester 1 (Credit: 0.50)In this course, students will discover what chemistry is, and how it is used and found all around us. The importance of the scientific method to solve real world problems will be investigated. Knowledge will be gained in the following areas: types of matter, atomic structure, chemical periodicity, chemical formula writing and naming, chemical equations. This course will also stress the important relationship between math and science while studying measurement, metric system and stoichiometry. Students will use higher order thinking throughout the entire course. An algebra background is recommended because of the amount and type of math involved.
Major Concepts:
Chemistry is the study of matter and the changes that matter undergoes.
Matter can be classified as substances (elements or compounds) or mixtures (homogeneous or heterogeneous).
The position of an element on the periodic table is based on the number of protons and electrons for that element and allows chemists to see patterns in physical properties and chemical reactivity.
The visual model of the atom evolved as advances in technology were discovered.
Elements combine to form compounds.
Elements and compounds undergo chemical reactions to form new substances.
Defined measurement qualifiers known as units are needed to describe measurements in the physical world.
Units can be inter-converted via dimensional analysis.
Chemical equations are quantified via the unit known as the mole.
Theoretical yields can be computed for balanced, chemical equations.
Chemistry B - Semester 2 (Credit: 0.50)It follows the Chemistry 1 A course. In Chemistry 1 B, students will investigate chemical bonding, thermochemistry, and acids and bases. The importance of the scientific method to solve real world problems will be investigated. Knowledge will be gained in the following areas: organic chemistry, biochemistry, and nuclear chemistry. This course will also stress the important relationship between math and science. Students will use higher order thinking throughout the entire course. An algebra background is recommended because of the amount and type of math involved.
Major Concepts:
Atoms having great electronegativity differences will combine to form ionic bonds.
Atoms that share electrons equally form covalent bonds.
Water is a unique compound held together by strong hydrogen bonding.
Chemists express the concentrations of solutions in various units.
Heat flows from higher temperature to lower temperature.
The specific heat of an object is related to its mass and temperature.
Pressure, volume and temperature are factors that determine the behavior of a gas.
At equilibrium, the rate of the forward and reverse reactions are equal.
Many chemical reactions exhibit acid/base behavior.
There is a systematic method for naming organic compounds.
Life is based on chemical and physical principles.
Many nuclear processes can be described by three types of particles released by the atom.
Neutralization reactions involve an acid and a base and will react to form water and a salt.
Oxidation-Reduction reactions are based upon the transfer of electrons.
Physics A - Semester 1 (Credit: 0.50)Students begin their exploration of physics by reviewing the International System of Units (SI), scientific notation, and significant digits. They then learn to describe and analyze motion in one and two dimensions. Students learn about gravity and Newton’s laws of motion before concluding the course with an examination of circular motion. Students apply mathematical concepts such as graphing and trigonometry in order to solve physics problems. Throughout the course, students apply their understanding of physics by playing roles like science museum curator and elementary teacher.
Major Concepts:
Physics uses a knowledge of physical properties to answer theoretical questions; technology is a method of solving practical problems.
Measurement is a process that assigns appropriate numerical values to physical quantities.
There are specific rules and guidelines that explain the motion of all objects in the universe.
Forces cause a change in an object’s motion.
Force, work, and energy are directly related variables that describe basic natural phenomena.
Momentum is inertia in motion.
Physics B - Semester 2 (Credit: 0.50)Physics B continues the student’s exploration of mechanics while also guiding them through some other important topics of physics. Students begin by exploring simple harmonic motion, wave properties, and optics. Students then learn the basics of thermodynamics and fluids. Afterwards, the students explore the principles of electricity and magnetism. Finally, students explore the area of physics known as Modern Physics, which includes topics such as the photoelectric effect, nuclear science, and relativity. This is a trig based course. It is assumed you know and can use trigonometry.
Major Concepts:
Waves are various disturbances that transfer energy without transferring matter.
When the temperature of matter increases, the atoms in the matter speed up and increase the internal energy of the substance.
A buoyant force, which is responsible for floating or sinking, is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced.
The flow of electricity is determined by movement of electrons from one location to another, the rate at which the electrons move, and the resistive characteristics of the material carrying the electrons.
Electrical charge can induce magnetism.
Light is both a wave and a particle.
An unstable nucleus will decay over time and emit radiation.
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